Resumo Objetivos: comparar avaliação da mamada em binômios cujas mães receberam ou não orientações educativas pré-natais. Método: estudo original de casos realizado a partir da aplicação do formulário de avaliação da mamada junto aos binômios no alojamento conjunto (AC), composto por 20 perguntas sim ou não e coleta de variáveis independentes bi categorizadas entre agosto/2017 e outubro/2018. Atividades educacionais pré-natais com listagem nominal dos presentes e assim criação da variável: Aula prénatal sim/não. Análises multivariadas por Regressão logística, com intervalo de confança de 95%. Resultados: 180 binômios foram incluídos, dos quais 13 (7%) foram expostos às atividades prénatais e 167 (93%) não expostos. No grupo de expostos, houve predomínio de mulheres casadas e multíparas (p<0,05), além de menor nível de escolaridade e maior taxa de patologias maternas e RN com baixo peso (p<0,05). Em relação a avaliação da mamada, das 20 questões observadas, o grupo exposto foi superior em 12 delas. Entre as 4 questões sobre a pega do RN, o grupo exposto foi superior em 3 (boca do bebê bem aberta, lábio evertido e queixo encosta a mama), sendo que o grupo não exposto foi superior no quesito visualização da aréola acima do lábio superior com p<0,05. A limitação encontrada no estudo foi atribuída a heterogeneidade quantitativa e qualitativa entre grupos. Conclusão: educação pré-natal para o aleitamento não alterou significativamente o desempenho dos binômios na técnica de amamentação nesse estudo.

Abstract Objectives: compare the evaluation of breastfeeding technique between binomials who did or did not receive prenatal education orientation. Methods: original study based on the application of breastfeeding evaluation form on binomials in joint accommodation (JA) composing of twenty (20) Yes/No questions and the collection of bi categorized independent variables between August/2017-October/2018. Prenatal educational activities with nominal listing of those present and thus creation of the variable was: Prenatal Class Yes/No. Multivariate analysis by Logistic regression were performed with confdence interval at 95%. Results: 180 binomials were included, of which 13 (7%) were exposed to prenatal activities and 167 (93%) were not exposed. In the exposed group, there was a predominance of married and multiparous women (p<0.05), in addition to lower educational level and higher rate of maternal pathologies and low birth weight (p<0.05). Regarding the breastfeeding evaluation, of the 20 questions observed, the exposed group was superior in 12 of them. Among the 4 questions about the Newborn’s grip, the exposed group was superior in 3 (baby’s mouth wide open, lip lowered and chin touching the breast), and the unexposed group was superior in the areola visualization above the upper lip with p<0.05. The limitation found in the study was attributed to quantitative and qualitative heterogeneity between groups. Conclusions: prenatal education for breastfeeding did not alternate significantly the performance of binomials on the breastfeeding technique in this study.

Sickle cell anemia is the best known hereditary blood disorder; there are serious complications associated with the condition. Diagnosis and early intervention reduce morbidity and mortality. These benefits have resulted in the widespread use of newborn screening education programs. In Brazil, the National Neonatal Screening Program established by decree 822/01 included sickle cell disease in the list of diseases tested in the so called "heel prick test". Since then, national studies of the results of this program have been periodically published. To review the literature in order to assess the prevalence of sickle cell trait and sickle cell anemia from data of national neonatal screening studies on hemoglobin S (Hb S). A bibliographic review was carried out using the key words: sickle cell anemia & hemoglobinopathies & neonatal screening & Brazil in the Bireme and SciELO databases. Original Brazilian studies presenting data on prevalence of the sickle cell trait (Hb AS) and sickle cell anemia (Hb SS) based on neonatal screening for Hb S were analysed. Twelve original national studies were identified with prevalences varying from 1.1% to 9.8% for the sickle cell trait and from 0.8 to 60 per 100,000 live births for sickle cell disease in different Brazilian regions. Conclusion: Neonatal screening for Hb S is a very useful method to assess the prevalence of sickle cell trait (Hb AS) and sickle cell anemia (Hb SS) in Brazil. There is a heterogeneous distribution of this disease with the highest prevalence in the northeastern region and the lowest prevalence in the south.